An Examination of the Philosophy of Marx and Engels

At the peak of the Cold War, especially in the 1950s, those who argue that communists and communism are positively viewing the great goblins who had plagued Western consciousness and the political philosophy of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels . Soon it was covered with Communism and doubt and blame brush. Nevertheless, in addition to stimulating the Russian and Chinese revolution, the historical materialist philosophy backed by Engels and Marx had a great influence on the thought of the Western world.

Friedrich Engels (November 28, 1820 - August 5, 1895) was a German political philosopher who developed Marx and the theory of communism. Marx and Engels first met in September 1844. They discovered that they have similar philosophical and socialist views, and they collaborated and wrote works like Die heilige Familie. After Marx was expelled from France in January 1845, they moved to Belgium and acknowledged greater freedom of speech than other European countries. In January 1846, they returned to Brussels to establish a Communist Communication Committee.

In April 1845, Engel moved to Germany from Brussels to join Marx. The two began writing criticisms of Bruno Bauer's philosophy, Bruno Bauer is a young Hegelite and Marx is closely related to it. As a result of the initial collaboration between Marx and Engels, the "Holy Family" was published in 1845. It shows the beginning of a breakthrough in the trend of left Hegelism and the beginning of a new departure. In 1846, Marx and Engels wrote "German ideology" and they first developed the theory of historical materialism. This shows the final and irreversible breakdown of young Hegelian. Marx finally accepted the idea of ​​socialism as the only way to solve human problems. Unfortunately, the fact that publishers are willing to bear the risk of publishing "German ideology", and that "German ideology" together with the Fauerbach paper was not seen until the death of Marx It was.

According to Engels, the basic elements of Marx's theory are in German philosophy, France socialism, and British economics. Among them, German philosophy is definitely the influence of formation on Marx's thought. Born in Trier, Rheinland, Germany, he was a philosophy student at the University of Berlin and was an idealist of G. W. F. Hegel dominated German philosophy. Hegel claims that history is a story of the development or realization of "spirit" - processes that need to overcome struggles, sufferings and obstacles to achieve self-struggle. Just as individuals are always in their childish state or adolescent state, just as they can not find their possibilities, in particular the possibility of freedom, the spirit must develop dialectically throughout history It will not. In other words, individuals and even countries are characters of drama, promoting self-recognition and freedom of liberty by opposing the conflict between idea and profit.