American physician and medical researcher

Jonas Sark, fully Jonas Edward Salk (born October 28, 1914, died in New York, New York, USA, La Jolla, California), American physician, medical researcher developed the first safe and effective vaccine did. Polio

Salk received his Ph.D. from New York University Medical School in 1939 and worked with Thomas Francis, who is working on inactivated virus immunology there. Salk joined Francis at the University of Michigan School of Public Health in 1942 and became a member of the group specializing in the development of influenza vaccines.

In 1947, Salk became Director of Associate Professor of Bacteriology and Virology Laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh Medical School. In Pittsburgh, he began studying acute viral infections beginning with common symptoms such as fever and headache, usually sometimes beginning with one or more limbs, throat, more severe and permanent symptoms Muscle cramps, or chest. In the mid-20th century, thousands of children were suffering from this disease every year. Salk collaborated with scientists from other universities to classify various poliovirus strains and confirmed that three different strains were identified in other studies. Then he proved that although each death virus of the three viruses could not produce disease, it could induce antibody formation in monkeys.

In 1952, he conducted outdoor tests in the field for children who first recovered from polio for his inactivated virus vaccine, and then for subjects who did not get sick; both The test resulted in a significant rise in antibody levels in children and succeeded as the subjects were not infected with polio from the vaccine. His research findings were announced the following year. In 1954, Francisco conducted extensive field trials and discovered that needle-injected vaccines can safely reduce the incidence of polio. On April 12, 1955, the vaccine was released for use in the United States. Over the next few years the incidence of polio in the US has decreased from 18 per 100,000 to less than 2 per 100 thousand. In the 1960s, a second type of polio vaccine, called Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (OPV) or Sabin Vaccine, was developed. Its name is named to American physician and microbiologist Albert Sabin. OPV contains attenuated live attenuated virus and is administered orally

Salk served as a professor of bacteriology, preventive medicine and experimental medicine in Pittsburgh, became a researcher and director of the San Diego Institute of Biology in California in 1963, later known as the Salk Institute. His many honors include the Presidential Medal of Freedom issued in 1977.

Charles Richard Drew (June 3, 1904 - April 1, 1950) is an American physician, surgeon and medical researcher. He conducted research in the field of blood transfusion, developed improved blood storage technology and applied his expertise to large blood banks developed early in the Second World War. This allows medical staff to save the lives of thousands of people in the Allied Powers. There is controversy in the research and development of his blood storage work. As the most prominent African-American in this field, Drew lacks a scientific foundation and since the American Red Cross has resigned from the position in the American Red Cross that had been maintained until then, the racial separation in the blood We are protesting the custom of provisioning. 1950

In the United States and Canada, the term doctor stands for all doctors with a professional medical degree. The American Society of Medical Science was founded in 1847 and the American Orthopedic Society was established in 1897 and currently uses the technical terms to explain the members. However, the American medical college founded in 1915 did not: its title used the original doctor. The majority of physicians trained in the United States have a doctorate in medicine, use the initial MD to participate in orthopedic surgery, and use the initial DO Medical College to complete the occupation they practice. Physician sub experts need to complete a scholarship after living