The function of the curing agent is to convert the rubber molecules into a network structure by forming a crosslinked structure which changes the rubber from a thermoplastic state to an elastic state and improves its mechanical properties. The final cured state depends on the vulcanization process and the choice of sulphide chemistry. EPDM rubber can be vulcanized with sulfur or peroxide. Elemental sulfur is still the most important and widely used rubber vulcanizing agent. In the case of soft rubber, a dose of about 0.25 to 5 phr is used and in the case of hard rubber 25 to 40 phr of sulfur is sufficient. Since the terpolymer provides unsaturated bonds that react with sulfur to form a three dimensional structure, the EPDM rubber can be cured by sulfur. The amount of sulfur required depends on the type and amount of terpolymer in the EPDM rubber. For ENB-EPDM, add about 2 to 1.5 phr of sulfur
Ghosh and Chakrabarti report the influence of different amounts of carbon black on the physical and mechanical properties, aging behavior and electrical conductivity of EPDM rubber compounds in extrusion processing, and the rheological behavior of EPDM rubber. Osanaiye uses a sinusoidal shear flow to investigate the effect of carbon black, temperature and shear frequency on the dynamic mechanical properties of EPDM rubber compounds. Ghosh and Chakrabarti report the effect of varying amounts of conductive carbon black filler on the melt rheology and relaxation behavior of EPDM rubbers cured by cone and cone viscometer. Abd-El Salam and colleagues used static and dynamic analysis to investigate the effect of various curing systems on the mechanical properties of butyl rubber / EPDM common furnace black. Reported a comparative study on the mechanical, thermal, viscoelastic and rheological properties of Cavdar, S carbon black filled EPDM rubber.