Advantages and Limitations of the Kyoto Protocol

Advantages and limitations of the Kyoto Protocol The emergence of industrialized civilization has brought many excellent achievements to improve our daily lives. Even relatively simple machines such as cars, planes, tractors, mainframes and lawn mowers have been integrated into the daily culture of contemporary developed countries, along with the types of lives used by our ancestors . It has a bigger merit than these products. Life For some people, the results of industrial activities developed around the world will not cause any problems in the future, but as most people have recognized, this is not the case.

"Kyoto Protocol" was adopted in Kyoto on December 11, 1997, and it came into effect on February 16, 2005. Detailed rules on the implementation of the Protocol were adopted at the Seventh Conference of the Parties Conference held in Marrakesh, Morocco in 2001 and are called the "Marrakesh Accord". Its first commitment period began in 2008 and ended in 2012. During the first commitment period, 37 developed countries and the European Community promised to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 5% over 1990 levels. During the second commitment period, we committed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 18% from the 1990 level in the 8 years from 2013 to 2020, but the Party of the second commitment period was the first Party . The composition of the commitment period is different

In 2004, President Putin signed the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the Kyoto Protocol increased / decreased the percentage of emission limitation to the level of 1990 level, and because Russia's greenhouse gas emissions were significantly lower than the 1990 standard due to the decline in economic output after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia enforced We did not face a significant reduction. . Buddhism, Orthodox Christianity, Islam and Judaism, which are defined as traditional Russian religions, are part of the historical heritage of Russia and received the support of a state limited to the Putin era. Beginning in Putin, the construction and restoration of large churches began in the 1990s, and the state allowed religious teaching in schools (parents took traditional or secular ethics to their children You can let them choose to learn the basics of).

In 2001, developed countries began ratifying the "Kyoto Protocol." Despite the withdrawal of the US and Australia, in 2005 the "Kyoto Protocol" came into effect and fulfilled the requirements of 55 Annex I countries (accounting for 55% of Annex 1 emissions in 1990). The Protocol includes cost effective implementation provisions by tradable authorization mechanisms, two of which are credit schemes (joint implementation and clean development mechanism), one of which is the quota and trading system (International Article 17 Transaction) Terminology). These are options available to the country.