Adult Learning: Malcolm Knowles

Self indication "As mature, he or she changes from dependence to self-indication" (Knowles, 1984). An adult learner needs a teacher to give a clear instruction on how to do it, how to do it, and when to do it. The teacher is considered an expert who passively slips the educational system in response to a teacher who knows what an adult learner needs to do or is primarily "learning". In establishing a learner-centered learning environment, teachers have time to prepare and discuss the raw syllabus, and letters and notes that adult learners may leave for adult learners on the previous course You can know the details of.

There are many factors / theories that affect adult learning. Malcolm Knowles "The adult learning model provides an educational framework that includes principles that emphasize individual life experiences" (Hanson, 2004, p. 269). Knowles is widely aware of technical terms and academics. In 1833, German teacher Alexander Kapp first invented the term "academic" and described Plato's educational philosophy (Davenport, 1993). Knowles defines andrandogy as 'art and science to help adults learn' (Tan, nd). Pedagogy is "the art and science of educating children, it is often used as a synonym for education, pedagogy embodies teacher-centered education." Andragogy says about learner centers Education "(Conner, 2005)

Malcolm Knowles, Informal Adult Education, Independent Production and Academic. Malcolm S. Knowles is a highly influential person in adult education and a supporter of academic independent learning and informal adult education. Here, I review his life and achievements and evaluate his contribution. Malcolm Shepherd Knowles (1913-1997) was a key figure in American adult education in the second half of the 20th century. In the 1950s he served as secretary general of the American Adult Education Society. He wrote the first major report on the history of informal adult education and adult education in the United States. In addition, Malcolm Knowles tried to develop its own conceptual foundation for adult education and learning through the concept of andrandogy, which has been widely discussed and used. He also writes popular works on independent production and team work (with his wife Fulda)