Adaptation of Arctic Fish

Another difference between the two isoforms is the absence of threonine residues in skin AFP compared to serum AFP - Threonine residues in AFP and AFGP are characteristic ice-binding residues. A small amount of threonine residue adversely affects skin's AFP activity or its ability to prevent ice crystal formation. These findings are important for understanding the evolution of AFP. For example, several different isoforms of the same protein indicate the presence of a gene family (Gong).

In order to survive in the cold water of the Arctic Ocean, genetic fish irrelevant to the Arctic squid, Notothenioids, developed an antifreeze protein that is almost identical to Notothenioid. This independent development of the same adaptation corresponding to similar environmental conditions is known as convergent evolution. Most marine fish from temperate and tropical regions will have no antifreeze protein and will freeze in the cold Antarctic Ocean. It is because the water temperature (28 ° F or -1.9 ° C) is lower than the freezing point of blood. (When the pure water is frozen at 0 ° C, the salt in the seawater lowers the freezing point to about -2 ° C)

Before Darwin wrote the origin of the species, in the 19th century scientists were confused about adaptation. Fish live in the water and see they live longer. Polar bears live in the Arctic Circle and their furs are sufficient to keep them warm. In front of Darwin, the only explanation was one of the designs (ie God)

The Arctic freshwater ecosystem has inland waters such as rivers, lakes, ponds and wetlands and their surrounding areas. They are home to various animals including fish, mammals, waterfowl, and birds eating fish. These ecosystems act as intermediaries between terrestrial ecosystems and marine ecosystems. 5.5.2 Melting of frozen grounds may cause surface drainage and ultimately eliminate aquatic life habitats. Melting of permafrost also can cause the surface to collapse and form voids, potentially forming ponds and wetlands. The balance of these changes is not clear, but as a freshwater habitat disappears and is reformed and changed, aquatic habitats may undergo major changes. More

Detailed consideration on the adaptability of Arctic landscape, biota and environmental conditions. It is necessary to deeply understand the principles of ecology. Study the unique aspects of Arctic ecology and the relationship between the Arctic ecosystem and global environmental problems and the biosphere. Analyze the interaction between plants and their environment. Treatment of access to resources for energy and materials Radiation blockage and energy dissipation are analyzed using energy balance equations. Explain the properties of low and high temperature stresses and their adaptability to handle these stresses