About Simian Virus 40 (SV40)

Simian Virus 40 (SV 40) is a monkey virus introduced into a population by polluted polio vaccine. The vaccine was produced in SV40-infected monkey cells between 1955 and 1963. The place of latent infection in humans is unknown, but the presence of SV40 in urine indicates that the kidney may be in the incubation phase. SV40 is a small DNA virus that has been widely studied since it is capable of transforming and immortalizing multiple cell types (Ozer 2000, Saenz-Robles et al., 2001). Polyomavirus infects mammals and causes tumors and cancer.

In 1979, scientists discovered a new type of protein. This protein is capable of binding to a transforming protein (Large T antigen) derived from simian virus 40 (SV 40), predominant in transformed cells (immortalization and potentially tumorigenic) than normal cells. Based on protein quality (53 kilodaltons), the protein and its corresponding gene were named p53. The p53 gene is located at p13.38 of chromosome 17, but p53 is the second most frequently found tumor suppressor (after Rb), but scientists have shown a true role in cells after 10 years discovered. Since 11 p53 is present at high levels of transformed cells, researchers initially thought that it was an oncogene. Scientists have discovered that cells transform when p53 migrates to cells

In 1974, Rudolf Jaenisch created a transgenic mouse by introducing foreign DNA into his embryo and made it the world's first transgenic animal. Jaenisch is studying mammalian cells infected with simian virus 40 (SV 40) when reading a paper on the generation of chimeric mice by Beatrice Mintz. He took his SV 40 sample to Mintz 's laboratory and injected them into the early mouse embryo and was looking forward to the development of the tumor. The mouse appeared normal, but after using the radioactive probe, he discovered that the virus was integrated into the mouse genome. However, mice did not inherit the transgene to their descendants. In 1981, the laboratories of Frank Ruddle, Frank Constantini, and Elizabeth Lacy injected purified DNA into single cell mouse embryos and showed that genetic material was passed on to offspring.

Recombinant DNA technology was first proposed by graduate students Peter Lobban and A. Dale Kaiser of Biochemistry Department of Stanford University. "Biochemical method for inserting new genetic information into monkey virus DNA 40: circular SV40 DNA molecule containing lambda phage gene" and cloning in Escherichia coli galactose operon "biology indicates that bacteria, insects or plants will be asexually propagated Sometimes it is the process of producing similar genetically identical groups of individuals that naturally occur Cloning in biotechnology is used to create copies of DNA fragments (molecular clones), cells (cell clones), or organisms This term refers to the creation of multiple copies of products such as digital media and software.