A Cooperative Development Experiment among Nomadic Herder in Niger

Training of nomads in dry areas of West Africa has not been successful. Many governments, bilateral agencies and multilateral agencies were unable to improve the situation or exacerbate the situation. Some donors and governments feel that problems are too high and revenues are too low, so you need to devote valuable resources for development to projects with high prospects of success and high revenue.

There are several reasons for these failures, and the courses they contain should be analyzed. We are focusing on two main reasons why the Sahel animal project failed. One is to define the problem of pastoral development, the other to define as problem, and the second is the lack of institutional framework appropriate for animal breeding development.

The lives of semi-nomads are more stable than nomads, but they are still chasing their flocks for a long time. For example, millions of Mongolians were half nomads for thousands of years. They traditionally owned shepherds, goats, horses and Bactrian camels. Today, about a quarter of the population of Mongolia continues to live in semi-nomads. Semi - nomads may be related to invasion. In the 12th century, Genghis Khan, the leader of Mongolia, conquered almost all of Asia by linking various nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes. These nomads are well suited to cross different landscapes because they are familiar with the area of ​​large area and live in a sparse environment for a long time.

There was also a conflict between the civilization and the nomad group. Not everyone chooses to live in a village community. Nomads and nomads traveled in various areas with their flocks. These nomad groups were roughly organized by tribes led by the chiefs. Nomadic society has a simple social organization, but has developed a rich culture. Nomads are usually skilled warriors because they need to keep their flock. In addition, once they learn to tame a horse, the nomad will become very fluid. Nomads and settlement communities often trade, but nomads can attack villages and cities. As nomads and farmers compete in the land, further confrontation

There are several different kinds of grazing. One of the oldest forms of grazing is pastoral grazing. Nomads of the nomads are walking around with small tribes and large families without families. Nomads live in arid and semi arid regions in Africa, Asia, Europe and Tundra regions in Asia and Europe. Nomadic grazing is sometimes considered a kind of self-sufficiency agriculture. This is not really the case. Self-sufficiency farmers cultivate and harvest crops mainly for their close relatives and communities. Unlike self-sufficient farmers, pastoralists traditionally earn wages. They sell goods and services from cattle and gather animals from other people. Normally, this trade is part of the informal economy, not explained by local governments. In Africa, the United Nations estimates that pastoralists are responsible for economic activities of more than $ 100 million annually.