7a. The Impact of Enlightenment in Europe

In Europe, so-called "rational age" is rapidly spreading. In the late 17th century scientists like Isaac Newton and John Rock were challenging the old order. Newton's gravity and law of motion explains the world from the perspective of the natural law transcending the spiritual power. After political turmoil in the UK, Rock insisted that people have the right to change governments that do not protect the natural rights of life, freedom and property. Humans began to wonder if there is a God who can curse and give tyrannical power to the king forever. These ideas will change Europe forever

In the US, intellectuals are also reading these ideas. On the Atlantic side, the enlightened freedom and progressive ideas have the opportunity to prosper without the old European bondage. Religious leaders began to change their old doctrinal attitudes. They began to emphasize the similarities between the British Church and the Puritan congregation, not the difference. Cotton Mather, a pastor in the state of Massachusetts, is also very convincing about the existence of witches claiming science to protect civilians from smallpox. Harvard University minister became free, Yale University was founded in New Calvin in 1707 and tried to preserve the idea of ​​the old Calvinist. This attempt failed and the entire teacher changed to a British church in 1722. By the end of the century, many New England ministers will become monotheists and even doubt God of Christ.

New ideas also shape political attitudes. John Rock defends the expulsion of monarchs who do not protect Britain's life, freedom, and wealth. Jean-Jacques Rousseau stated that society should be ruled by people's "general intent". Baron Montesquieu declared that power should not be concentrated in the hands of one human being. He proposed to distribute power among the government's administrative, legislative and judicial branches. American intellectuals began to absorb these ideas. Many of these discussions were used by representatives who declared independence from the UK. The full declaration of independence is what Thomas Jefferson applied to John Rock's idea. Our initial state constitution and the American constitution reflect the principles of enlightenment. Benjamin Franklin's work gives mass public a lot of enlightenment

The old way of living is reflected in superstition, angry god, absolute obedience to authority. Thinkers in the era of Reason created a new way of thinking. This new approach supports human achievement. Individuals do not have to accept desperation. Science and reason can bring happiness and progress. The king was not ruled by God's right. They are obliged to their subject. Europeans thought about the impact of the last century. Americans first put them into practice

Impact of Illuminato on European Society Illuminati is also known as "age of reason". These names represent the era of America and Europe in the 18th century. In this era, humanity has changed from a century of ignorance to a person characterized by respecting humanity, science and reason. People involved in enlightenment believe that human reason will discover the natural laws of the universe and determine human natural rights.

Enlightenment of world literature The era of enlightenment and rationality to the contemporary world began in the late 17th century and the 18th century. In Europe and America it was an era when humanity shifted from ignorance of centuries to a new era inspired by reason, science, and respect for humanity. During this period I urged the exchange of scientific thought, skeptics, intellectuals. Superstition, intolerance, and the elimination of certain religions. Western Europe, Germany, France, UK

With enlightenment, the rule of religion over the political situation in Europe is over. Enlightenment, or Age of Reason is a product of a group of new philosophers including Voltaire, Rousseau, Locke, a product of the scientific revolution of the 17th century and thought not to believe religion. Although religion is not completely separated from politics, the rationality of enlightenment should be part of the reasons of the French Revolution at least for 1776 and 1789. Aatif Rashid writes about international politics and culture. His articles are published in magazines such as The Oxonian Globalist, ThinkPolitic's Future Foreign Policy and Online Magazine. He has a bachelor's degree in English and history from the UK. MSc in Berkeley and Oxford