25. The Rise of American Industry

During the colonial period, housing production was almost universal, local craftworkers served their communities. This new era introduces machine plants and scheduled work to manufacture items shipped and sold to other locations.

In 1790, Samuel Slater constructed his first factory in the United States based on the fabric secrets he brought from the UK. He built a cotton factory in Rhode Island's pockettack and immediately powered it with water. In the next decade, the textile industry is a major industry in the country and produces hundreds of companies.

In the iron industry, Pennsylvania furnaces and rolling mills are rapidly replacing local small forging plants. In 1804, Philadelphia's Oliver Evans developed a high pressure steam engine suitable for various industrial applications. In just a few years, it moved ship, sawmill, milling machine, printing press and textile factory. In 1798, Eli Whitney who invented Jin in 1792 contributed to one of the most important elements of the industrial era. He came up with the idea of ​​making guns with replaceable parts. Europe came up with the idea of ​​interchangeable parts, but the Americans successfully commercialized this concept.

This concept has been caught by industry. Construction of canals and railroads played an important role in transporting people and cargo to the west and expanded the size of the US market. With the new infrastructure, even in the remote areas of the country, I gained the ability to communicate with the East Business Center to establish trade relations.

New industrialization is very expensive. The company is growing due to funds demand. According to state law, companies can capitalize from a large number of interested investors and each investor has a success of several shares or joint-stock companies. There is no limit to the amount of money an investor can earn, but everyone has "limited liability" and they only have financial responsibility for corporate bonds for their investment.

But without other factors, it is impossible for people to achieve the industrial revolution. Canals and railroads need thousands of people to build them. The business plan calls for people to carry them out. The number of projects and companies under development is huge. Millions of immigrants from Ireland, Germany and other countries meet labor demand. Usually there will be plenty of resistance when there are large immigrants. The old and new political parties take a tough position on immigration rights. After all, these positions became more rigorous, bringing about a major political change in the United States.

Industrialization The rise of America, the advantage of wage labor, and the growth of the city are the greatest changes in this period. At the end of the civil war, few Americans foresee the rapid rise of American industry. In this country's history, wage workers outstripped self-employed for the first time, and by the 1880's these wage workers became increasingly large employee employees. As announced in 1873 by the Massachusetts Statistical Statistics Bureau, wage labor is universal. "This system is more widely distributed than all forms of religion, government, or language."

In the years after the Civil War, the memory timetable of the Study Page of the Library of Congress was called "the rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900", America became a giant of the industry. In the history of research, we saw the development of new opportunities such as the rapid growth of existing industries and the widespread use of oil refining, steelmaking and power. The use of railway is exponentially expanding, and the industries and service industries in the remote areas in the country are entering the domestic market economy.

From the 1930's to the 1940's, some American businessmen thought that the people who had been suffering from the direction of the country, the arrival of New Deal and the rise of workers' movement, universally accepted Keynesian thought It was. High wages are believed to promote economic growth and development above high profits. In order to resist "wandering socialism", Phillips - Feen has revealed how rich people built a think tank to promote anti - labor promotion. And he sponsored economists like Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek. Collaborate with prominent businessmen and retreat economic progress of many people to politicians like Ronald Reagan