"Bitter Strength: A History of the Chinese in the United States"

Bert, Gunter Paul states the lifetime of Chinese immigrants between 1850 and 1870 in his book "The Power of Bitter: The History of China in the United States, 1850 - 1800". Bath stated the Chinese experience at the Pearl River Delta in China, arrived in the United States, and then arrived in California. Since the middle of the 19th century, Chinese immigrants to the United States are influenced by California's "gold rush" gold rush and "push" due to China's poverty situation.

The history of Chinese-American people and the history of American-Chinese people are related to three waves of Chinese immigrants to America in the 19th century. Chinese immigrants of the 19th century were workers of the transcontinental railway, especially the Central Pacific Railroad. They also work as mining workers and undergo racial discrimination at every level of society. Employers in the industry hope to get this new cheap workforce, but average white people are angry about this "loess disaster". The "Beringham Convention" in 1868 prescribed the equal treatment of Chinese immigrants, but political groups and labor organizations are moving to "cheap Chinese workers" with immigrants who think they are degraded races I disagreed. Then the law was extended by "Geary Act" in 1892.

With the 1882 Chinese exclusion law in the American history before 1882, the history of the localization of America rose and declined. These nationalistic emotions have a major influence on immigration settlement and treatment.1 The power of nationalist movement can cause fear of foreigners and nurture pride in the country. The frequency of certain laws and hate crimes is the most specific way to track this feeling, but the dialogue can show a broader and more intangible nationalism.

In the majority of American history, Chinese-Americans were left behind previously. Between 1882 and 1943, the United States enacted a "smoke - free law" and prohibited all Chinese immigrants from entering the United States. During the Second World War, after the Japanese army attacked Pearl Harbor at the US military base, there were about 120,000 Japanese Americans, 62% of them were US citizens and were jailed in Japanese camps It was. A unique subculture has emerged among minorities in the United States for the elimination or surrounding of the early mainstream society. In the 1920s, Harlem in New York became the home of the Harlem Renaissance. Many folk songs such as jazz, blues, rap, rock music, other music styles, and Bluetail (Jimmy Clark Corn) are derived from African-American culture and later adopted as mainstream.